Blatchley, E. R., Brenner, D. J., Claus, H., Cowan, T. E., Linden, K. G., Liu, Y., Mao, T., Park, S. J., Piper, P. J., Simons, R. M., & Sliney, D. H. (2023). Far UV-C radiation: An emerging tool for pandemic control. Critical Reviews in Environment Science and Technology, 53, 733–753. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2022.2084315

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Truong, C. S., Muthukutty, P., Jang, H. K., Kim, Y. H., Lee, D. H., & Yoo, S. Y. (2023). Filter-Free, harmless, and single-wavelength far UV-C germicidal light for reducing airborne pathogenic viral infection. Viruses. https://doi.org/10.3390/V15071463

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Goto, N., Bazar, G., Kovacs, Z., Kunisada, M., Morita, H., Kizaki, S., Sugiyama, H., Tsenkova, R., & Nishigori, C. (2015). Detection of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers by near-infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics. Scientific Reports, 51(5), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep11808

Article  Google Scholar 

(2024) Mercury: Council and Parliament strike a deal to completely phase out mercury in the EU. Counc. EU Press release.

Cadet, J., Grand, A., & Douki, T. (2015). Solar UV radiation-induced DNA bipyrimidine photoproducts: Formation and mechanistic insights. Topics in Current Chemistry, 356, 249–276. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2014_553

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Castro-Alférez, M., Polo-López, M. I., & Fernández-Ibáñez, P. (2016). Intracellular mechanisms of solar water disinfection. Scientific Reports, 61(6), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38145

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Giannakis, S., Gupta, A., Pulgarin, C., & Imlay, J. (2022). Identifying the mediators of intracellular E. coli inactivation under UVA light: The (photo)Fenton process and singlet oxygen HHS Public Access. Water Research, 221, 118740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118740

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

María, C., Andrés, C., Manuel Pérez De La Lastra, J., Juan, C. A., Plou, F. J., & Pérez-Lebeña, E. (2022). Impact of reactive species on amino acids-biological relevance in proteins and induced pathologies. International Journal of Molecular Science, 2022, 14049. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214049

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ayala, A., Muñoz, M. F., & Argüelles, S. (2014). Lipid peroxidation: Production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/360438

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cadet, J., & Davies, K. J. A. (2017). Oxidative DNA damage & repair: An introduction. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 107, 2–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.03.030

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sutherland, J. C., & Griffin, K. P. (1981). Absorption spectrum of DNA for wavelengths greater than 300 nm. Radiation Research, 86, 399–409. https://doi.org/10.2307/3575456

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mouret, S., Philippe, C., Gracia-Chantegrel, J., Banyasz, A., Karpati, S., Markovitsi, D., & Douki, T. (2010). UVA-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in DNA: A direct photochemical mechanism? Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 8, 1706–1711. https://doi.org/10.1039/B924712B

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kundu, L. M., Linne, U., Marahiel, M., & Carell, T. (2004). RNA is more UV resistant than DNA: The formation of UV-induced DNA lesions is strongly sequence and conformation dependent. Chemistry, 10, 5697–5705. https://doi.org/10.1002/CHEM.200305731

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kladwang, W., Hum, J., & Das, R. (2012). Ultraviolet shadowing of RNA can cause significant chemical damage in seconds. Scientific Reports, 21(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00517

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Chen, J., Loeb, S., & Kim, J. H. (2017). LED revolution: Fundamentals and prospects for UV disinfection applications. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, 3, 188–202. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EW00241B

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Schöbel, H., Diem, G., Kiechl, J., Chistè, D., Bertacchi, G., Mayr, A., Wilflingseder, D., Lass-Flörl, C., & Posch, W. (2023). Antimicrobial efficacy and inactivation kinetics of a novel LED-based UV-irradiation technology. Journal of Hospital Infection, 135, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2022.12.023

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lu, Y. H., Wang, R. X., Liu, H. L., & Lai, A. C. K. (2024). Evaluating the performance of UV disinfection across the 222–365 nm spectrum against aerosolized bacteria and viruses. Environmental Science and Technology, 58, 6868–6877. https://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.EST.3C08675/SUPPL_FILE/ES3C08675_SI_001.PDF

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Raeiszadeh, M., & Adeli, B. (2020). A critical review on ultraviolet disinfection systems against COVID-19 outbreak: Applicability, validation, and safety considerations. ACS Photonics, 7, 2941–2951. https://doi.org/10.1021/ACSPHOTONICS.0C01245/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/PH0C01245_0004.JPEG

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Heilingloh, C. S., Aufderhorst, U. W., Schipper, L., Dittmer, U., Witzke, O., Yang, D., Zheng, X., Sutter, K., Trilling, M., Alt, M., Steinmann, E., & Krawczyk, A. (2020). Susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to UV irradiation. American Journal of Infection Control, 48, 1273–1275. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AJIC.2020.07.031

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Biasin, M., Bianco, A., Pareschi, G., Cavalleri, A., Cavatorta, C., Fenizia, C., Galli, P., Lessio, L., Lualdi, M., Tombetti, E., Ambrosi, A., Redaelli, E. M. A., Saulle, I., Trabattoni, D., Zanutta, A., & Clerici, M. (2021). UV-C irradiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 replication. Scientific Reports, 111(11), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85425-w

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Cho, E. R., & Kang, D. H. (2023). Combination system of pulsed ohmic heating and 365-nm UVA light-emitting diodes to enhance inactivation of foodborne pathogens in phosphate-buffered saline, milk, and orange juice. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 83, 103250. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IFSET.2022.103250

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhao, Y., & Dong, J. (2022). Effect of inactivating RNA viruses by coupled UVC and UVA LEDs evaluated by a viral surrogate commonly used as a genetic vector. Biomedical Optics Express, 13, 4429. https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.468445

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Beck, S. E., Rodriguez, R. A., Hawkins, M. A., Hargy, T. M., Larason, T. C., & Linden, K. G. (2016). Comparison of UV-induced inactivation and RNA damage in MS2 phage across the germicidal UV spectrum. Applied and Environment Microbiology, 82, 1468–1474. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02773-15

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Irbe, I., Filipova, I., Skute, M., Zajakina, A., Spunde, K., & Juhna, T. (2021). Characterization of novel biopolymer blend mycocel from plant cellulose and fungal fibers. Polymers, 13, 1086. https://doi.org/10.3390/POLYM13071086

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Vibornijs, V., Zubkins, M., Strods, E., Rudevica, Z., Korotkaja, K., Ogurcovs, A., Kundzins, K., Purans, J., & Zajakina, A. (2024). Analysis of antibacterial and antiviral properties of ZnO and Cu coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering: Evaluation of cell viability and ROS production. Coatings, 14, 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/COATINGS14010014/S1

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sandri, A., Tessari, A., Giannetti, D., Cetti, A., Lleo, M. M., & Boschi, F. (2023). UV-A radiation: Safe human exposure and antibacterial activity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS24098331/S1

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Skudra, A., Revalde, G., Zajakina, A., Mezule, L., Spunde, K., Juhna, T., & Rancane, K. (2022). UV inactivation of Semliki Forest virus and E. coli bacteria by alternative light sources. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 10, 100120. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPAP.2022.100120

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zubkins, M., Vibornijs, V., Strods, E., Aulika, I., Zajakina, A., Sarakovskis, A., Kundzins, K., Korotkaja, K., Rudevica, Z., Letko, E., & Purans, J. (2023). A stability study of transparent conducting WO3/Cu/WO3 coatings with antimicrobial properties. Surfaces and Interfaces, 41, 103259. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SURFIN.2023.103259

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Korotkaja, K., & Zajakina, A. (2023). Recombinant virus quantification using single-cell droplet digital PCR: A method for infectious titer quantification. Viruses. https://doi.org/10.3390/V15051060

Article