Prevalence and predictors of multidrug-resistant bacteremia in liver cirrhosis

1. Shankar N, Ramani A, Griffin C, et al. Extrahepatic causes of death in cirrhosis compared to other chronic conditions in the United States, 1999–2017. Ann Hepatol 2021;26:100565.
crossref pmid
2. Thulstrup AM, Sørensen HT, Schønheyder HC, Møller JK, Tage-Jensen U. Population-based study of the risk and short-term prognosis for bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31:1357–1361.
crossref pmid
3. Bartoletti M, Giannella M, Lewis RE, Viale P. Bloodstream infections in patients with liver cirrhosis. Virulence 2016;7:309–319.
crossref pmid pmc
4. Piano S, Tonon M, Angeli P. Changes in the epidemiology and management of bacterial infections in cirrhosis. Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:437–445.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
5. Arvaniti V, D’Amico G, Fede G, et al. Infections in patients with cirrhosis increase mortality four-fold and should be used in determining prognosis. Gastroenterology 2010;139:1246–12561256.e1–e5.
crossref pmid
6. Fernández J, Acevedo J, Castro M, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of infections by multiresistant bacteria in cirrhosis: a prospective study. Hepatology 2012;55:1551–1561.
crossref pmid
7. Bartoletti M, Giannella M, Caraceni P, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of bloodstream infection in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2014;61:51–58.
crossref pmid
8. Piano S, Singh V, Caraceni P, et al. Epidemiology and effects of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis worldwide. Gastroenterology 2019;156:1368–1380e10.
pmid
9. Addo Smith JN, Yau R, Russo HP, et al. Bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis: prevalence and predictors of multidrug resistant organisms. J Clin Gastroenterol 2018;52:648–654.
pmid
10. Milovanovic T, Pantic I, Velickovic J, et al. Bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis in the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance: single-center epidemiology. J Infect Dev Ctries 2021;15:1883–1890.
crossref pmid pdf
11. Johnson AL, Ratnasekera IU, Irvine KM, Henderson A, Powell EE, Valery PC. Bacteraemia, sepsis and antibiotic resistance in Australian patients with cirrhosis: a population-based study. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2021;8:e000695.
crossref pmid pmc
12. Tandon P, Delisle A, Topal JE, Garcia-Tsao G. High prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections among patients with cirrhosis at a US liver center. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012;10:1291–1298.
crossref pmid pmc
13. Milovanovic T, Dumic I, Veličkovic J, Lalosevic MS, Nikolic V, Palibrk I. Epidemiology and risk factors for multi-drug resistant hospital-acquired urinary tract infection in patients with liver cirrhosis: single center experience in Serbia. BMC Infect Dis 2019;19:141.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
14. Kuo CH, Changchien CS, Yang CY, Sheen IS, Liaw YF. Bacteremia in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Liver 1991;11:334–339.
crossref pmid
15. Kamath PS, Wiesner RH, Malinchoc M, et al. A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology 2001;33:464–470.
crossref pmid
16. Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012;18:268–281.
crossref pmid
17. Fernández J, Prado V, Trebicka J, et al. Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and with acute-on-chronic liver failure in Europe. J Hepatol 2019;70:398–411.
crossref pmid
18. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992;101:1644–1655.
pmid
19. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:801–810.
pmid pmc
20. Friedman ND, Kaye KS, Stout JE, et al. Health care--associated bloodstream infections in adults: a reason to change the accepted definition of community-acquired infections. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:791–797.
crossref pmid
21. Chen SY, Tsai CL, Lin CH, et al. Impact of liver cirrhosis on mortality in patients with community-acquired bacteremia. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2009;64:124–130.
crossref pmid
22. Kang CI, Song JH, Chung DR, et al. Liver cirrhosis as a risk factor for mortality in a national cohort of patients with bacteremia. J Infect 2011;63:336–343.
crossref pmid
23. Fernández J, Navasa M, Gómez J, et al. Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: epidemiological changes with invasive procedures and norfloxacin prophylaxis. Hepatology 2002;35:140–148.
crossref pmid pdf
24. Xie Y, Tu B, Xu Z, et al. Bacterial distributions and prognosis of bloodstream infections in patients with liver cirrhosis. Sci Rep 2017;7:11482.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
25. Kim JH, Jun BG, Lee M, et al. Reappraisal of sepsis-3 and CLIF-SOFA as predictors of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and infection presenting to the emergency department: A multicenter study. Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28:540–552.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
26. Siegel JD, Rhinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L. Management of multidrug-resistant organisms in health care settings, 2006. Am J Infect Control 2007;35(10 Suppl 2):S165–S193.
crossref pmid
27. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2018;69:406–460.
crossref pmid
28. Arabi YM, Dara SI, Memish Z, et al. Antimicrobial therapeutic determinants of outcomes from septic shock among patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2012;56:2305–2315.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
29. Moreau R, Hadengue A, Soupison T, et al. Septic shock in patients with cirrhosis: hemodynamic and metabolic characteristics and intensive care unit outcome. Crit Care Med 1992;20:746–750.
pmid
30. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1992;20:864–874.
pmid
31. Son J, Choi S, Huh JW, et al. The quick sepsis-related organ failure score has limited value for predicting adverse outcomes in sepsis patients with liver cirrhosis. Korean J Intern Med 2020;35:861–872.
crossref pmid pmc pdf

Comments (0)

No login
gif