Sawyer SM, Afifi RA, Bearinger LH, Blakemore SJ, Dick B, Ezeh AC, et al. Adolescence: a foundation for future health. Lancet. 2012;379:1630–40.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Smith L, Jackson SE, Vancampfort D, Jacob L, Firth J, Grabovac I, et al. Sexual behavior and suicide attempts among adolescents aged 12–15 years from 38 countries: a global perspective. Psychiatry Res. 2020;287:112564.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Orihuela CA, Mrug S, Davies S, Elliott MN, Tortolero Emery S, Peskin MF, et al. Neighborhood disorder, family functioning, and risky sexual behaviors in adolescence. J Youth Adolesc. 2020;49:991–1004.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hazariah AHS, Fallon D, Callery P. An Overview of adolescents sexual and reproductive health services provision in malaysia. Compr Child Adolesc Nurs. 2021;44:144–60.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Choi SY, Jeon JM, Na AY, Kwon OK, Bang IH, Ha YS, et al. SIRT5 directly inhibits the pi3k/akt pathway in prostate cancer cell lines. Cancer Genom Proteom. 2022;19:50–9.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Chavira DA, Ponting C, Ramos G. The impact of COVID-19 on child and adolescent mental health and treatment considerations. Behav Res Ther. 2022;157:104169.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yeo J, Park G, Shin J, Seo K, Ahn Y. Effect of increased depressive feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic on the association between depressive mood and suicidal behavior: using the 17th korea youth risk behavior web-based survey (KYRBS). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;2022:19.

Google Scholar 

Lee K, Lee H, Kwon R, Shin YH, Yeo SG, Lee YJ, et al. Global burden of vaccine-associated anaphylaxis and their related vaccines, 1967–2023: a comprehensive analysis of the international pharmacovigilance database. Allergy. 2024;79:690–701.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yuksel B, Ozgor F. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on female sexual behavior. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2020;150:98–102.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wignall L, Portch E, McCormack M, Owens R, Cascalheira CJ, Attard-Johnson J, et al. Changes in sexual desire and behaviors among uk young adults during social lockdown due to COVID-19. J Sex Res. 2021;58:976–85.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Woo HG, Park S, Yon H, Lee SW, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, et al. National trends in sadness, suicidality, and COVID-19 pandemic-related risk factors among South Korean adolescents from 2005 to 2021. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6:e2314838.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Noh H, An J, Kim MJ, Sheen YH, Yoon J, Welsh B, et al. Sleep problems increase school accidents related to allergic diseases. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020;31:98–103.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shin H, Park S, Yon H, Ban CY, Turner S, Cho SH, et al. Estimated prevalence and trends in smoking among adolescents in South Korea, 2005–2021: a nationwide serial study. World J Pediatr. 2023;19:366–77.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Oh J, Lee M, Lee H, Yang H, Park J, Rahmati M, et al. Hand and oral hygiene practices of south korean adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6:e2349249.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Oh J, Kim M, Rhee SY, Rahmati M, Koyanagi A, Smith L, et al. National trends in the prevalence of screen time and its association with biopsychosocial risk factors among korean adolescents, 2008–2021. J Adolesc Health. 2024;74:504–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim MJ, Lee KH, Lee JS, Kim N, Song JY, Shin YH, et al. Trends in body mass index changes among Korean adolescents between 2005–2020, including the COVID-19 pandemic period: a national representative survey of one million adolescents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26:4082–91.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park S, Yon H, Ban CY, Shin H, Eum S, Lee SW, et al. National trends in alcohol and substance use among adolescents from to 2021: a Korean serial cross-sectional study of one million adolescents. World J Pediatr. 2005;2023:1–11.

Google Scholar 

Lee SW. Regression analysis for continuous independent variables in medical research: statistical standard and guideline of life cycle committee. Life Cycle. 2022;2:e3.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lee SW. Methods for testing statistical differences between groups in medical research: statistical standard and guideline of life cycle committee. Life Cycle. 2022;2:e1.

Article  Google Scholar 

Wang X, Cheng Z. Cross-sectional studies: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations. Chest. 2020;158:S65-71.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim MS, Lee H, Lee SW, Kwon R, Rhee SY, Lee JA, et al. Long-term autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic outcomes of COVID-19: a binational cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2024;177:291–302.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yon DK, Hwang S, Lee SW, Jee HM, Sheen YH, Kim JH, et al. Indoor exposure and sensitization to formaldehyde among inner-city children with increased risk for asthma and rhinitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200:388–93.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yoo HW, Jin HY, Yon DK, Effenberger M, Shin YH, Kim SY, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and COVID-19 susceptibility and outcomes: a korean nationwide cohort. J Korean Med Sci. 2021;36:e291.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lee SW, Kim SY, Moon SY, Yang JM, Ha EK, Jee HM, et al. Estimating COVID-19 infection and severity risks in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a Korean nationwide cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9:2262-2271.e2262.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lindberg LD, Firestein L, Beavin C. Trends in U.S. adolescent sexual behavior and contraceptive use, 2006–2019. Contracept. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conx.2021.100064.

Article  Google Scholar 

Montalti M, Salussolia A, Masini A, Manieri E, Rallo F, Marini S, et al. Sexual and reproductive health and education of adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic, results from “come te la passi?”—survey in bologna, italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:5147.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jing Z, Li J, Wang Y, Zhou C. Prevalence and trends of sexual behaviors among young adolescents aged 12 years to 15 years in low and middle-income countries: population-based study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023;9:e45236.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brunelli L, Bravo G, Romanese F, Righini M, Lesa L, De Odorico A, et al. Sexual and reproductive health-related knowledge, attitudes and support network of Italian adolescents. Public Health Pract. 2022;3:100253.

Article  Google Scholar 

Cifríková R, Bašková M, Kolarčik P. Trends in sexual behaviour in Slovak schoolchildren between 2006–2018. Cent Eur J Nurmi Midwifery. 2021;12:441–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ibikunle OO, Ipinnimo TM, Afape AO, Ibikunle AI, Bakare CA, Ajidagba B, et al. Trends and determinants of non-utilization of modern contraception in ekiti state, nigeria: a ten-year review. J Mother Child. 2023;27:42–51.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Spriggs AL, Halpern CT. Sexual debut timing and depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood. J Youth Adolesc. 2008;37:1085–96.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Meier AM. Adolescent first sex and subsequent mental health. Am J Sociol. 2007;112:1811–47.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lim SH, Jang HI, Lee DY, Yoon BK, Choi DS. Recent trends in contraceptive use among Korean adolescents: results from a nationwide survey from year 2013 to 2015. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2016;59:519–24.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cha Y, Jung W, Seo M, Rahmati M. The emerging pandemic recent: SARS-CoV-2. Life Cycle. 2023;3:e2.

Article  Google Scholar 

Scott RH, Wellings K, Lindberg L. Adolesce