Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common bacterial infection caused by a wide variety of pathogens. Bearing in mind that the common pathogens that cause the infection are well known, it remains imperative to study their antibiotic resistance profile to be acquainted with the proper antibiotics to be administered and also to prevent the resistance to antibiotics. This study aims to determine the prevalence of uropathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns.

This descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 patients with UTI who were admitted to Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran, for 1 year. Patient records, urine tests, antibiotic susceptibility tests, and prescribed antibiotics were collected from laboratory archives and medical records.

In total, 267 urine samples were studied, the majority of them (78.7%) were acquired from a community setting. Most of them were female. The most common uropathogens were Escherichia coli (86.8%), Klebsiella (3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.2%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (2.2%). The isolated microorganisms were mostly resistant to cefixime (36%), ceftriaxone (31.1%), and ciprofloxacin (29.2%).

We recommended that ceftriaxone, which was the first-line treatment choice in our conclusive study, should no longer be administered experimentally and used only upon detection of the bacteria and antibiogram testing.