aDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Park Nicollet Methodist Hospital, St. Louis Park, MN, USA

bDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, TRIA Orthopaedic Institute, Bloomington, MN, USA

cDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Financial Disclosure: Dr. Cunningham’s spouse is the CEO and founder of CODE Technology. For the remaining authors none were declared. No source of funding was provided for this specific study.

IRB Approval: Prior to initiating the study, the authors received approval for the study by the Institutional Review Board.

R.M.K. contributed to data curation, methodology, supervision, visualization, writing-original draft, and reviewing/editing. S.A.D. contributed to formal analysis, validation, writing-original draft and reviewing/editing. F.A.H. contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, validation, and reviewing/editing the draft. N.M. contributed data curation, validation, and writing-original draft. B.P.C. contributed to conceptualization, data curation, methodology, project administration, supervision, validation, and writing review/editing.

Correspondence to Brian P. Cunningham, MD, 6500 Excelsior Boulevard, St. Louis Park, Minnesota, 55426 Tel.: 952-993-5000; e-mail: [email protected].