aDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA

bCentre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya

cDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California

dArnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina

eSchool of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, Washington, USA.

Correspondence to Lila A. Sheira, MPH, Division of HIV, Infectious Disease and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 995 Potrero Avenue, Building 80, Ward 84, Campus Box 0874, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. Tel: +1 415 206 7315; e-mail: [email protected]

Received 12 April, 2023

Revised 21 September, 2023

Accepted 23 September, 2023

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