Sevda Efil, PhD, RN, is an assistant professor of internal medicine nursing at the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey.

Sevda Turen, PhD, RN, is an associate professor of internal medicine nursing at the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Kültür University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Gül Demir, RN, is a nurse at the Coronary Care Unit Department, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.

The study was conducted according to the Helsinki Declaration. Scale permission and appropriate institutional permissions were obtained from the universities where the study was planned. Permission was obtained from the ethics committee of the Postgraduate Education Institute of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (no. 2021-YÖNP-0503).

The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

The authors have disclosed that they have no significant relationship with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article.

All the authors of the study provide their consent for publication.

Authors' Contributions: All authors had substantial contributions to the research and written of the manuscript. S.E., S.T., and G.D. were responsible for the overall design of this study. S.E., S.T., and G.D. addressed ethical considerations. G.D. collected data. S.E. and S.T. planned the statistical analysis. S.E. wrote the first draft manuscript, and S.E., S.T., and G.D. contributed to writing the final versions of the manuscript.

Sevda Efil, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4988-3743

Sevda Turen, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1123-5879

Gül Demir, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3056-7775

Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Sevda Efil, PhD, RN, Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canakkale, Turkey ([email protected] / [email protected]).